The Case Family of NY, NJ, PA, MD and KY – Part 3

~ karynfamilytree

We are entering the Revolutionary War era with this blog post. Unlike the previous situation Morris County, NJ, there are a wide array of military records for these Case men in Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky.

Because I’m trying to find the parents of Separate Case, and because it’s likely that Separate Case and Lydia Hendrickson marry around 1774 in Fayette County, PA, I’m leaving the NJ Case family behind.

The focus now is on the southwestern PA counties of Fayette, Greene and Westmoreland.

The war years were a time of many border changes, which I’ll note below. Sometimes people didn’t move — sometimes borders were created around them.

Timeline – the early 1770s

  • 1770
  • 1772
    • In Nov and Dec 1772, a tax list is created for the tax year 1773 in Springhill, Bedford, PA. This land becomes the Fayette County, PA area in 1783. Included are:
      • William Case (Sr)
      • Nathaniel Case (Sr)
      • THIS IS THE FIRST MENTION OF NATHANIEL CASE
      • No other Case on this TAX list, so William and Nathaniel are in PA, but Reuben, Theophilus and Butler have not followed them yet.
      • None of William’s or Nathaniel’s sons are on this list, so all under 21, and all born after 1751 (and that tallies: William Jr says he’s born 1753 and James says he’s born 1760)
  • 1773
    • BORDER CHANGE: Westmoreland County, PA created from Bedford County, PA. It encompassed all of the southwestern part of Pennsylvania.
      • Westmoreland is later divided into:
      • Washington County in 1781
      • Fayette County in 1783
      • Allegheny County in 1788
      • Greene County in 1796
  • 1774
    • About this time, Separate Case marries Lydia Hendrickson, likely in the Fayette, PA area because that’s where her parents are and that’s where her father and brother fight Dunmore’s War from.
    • Their daughter, Keziah “Kizzy” Case who married Joseph Scharmahorn is over 45 in 1820, so born before 1775. She is NOT the “Mizry Scammerhorn” in 1850 with Benjamin Case because she is listed on Simeon Hendrickson’s Baptisms for the Dead in 1841 as a cousin. She marries in 1798 Washington, KY.
    • Their next child is born around 1777: John Case who marries Anna Monrow/Monroe in 1798 Washington, KY with John Hendrickson Jr (Lydia Hendrickson Case’s brother, John Case’s uncle) as witness.
    • In the Fayette area at this time: William Case Sr and Jr, Theophilus Case (3 and 4), Nathaniel Case Sr and Jr.
    • Big “if” — IF Separate Case’s father is still alive, he’s likely either Theophilus Case 3 or Nathaniel Case Sr.
    • If Separate Case’s father is not still alive, he comes with his uncles to the Fayette, PA area. He could be the son of John Case of Roxbury, Morris, NJ who has records in 1760 and 1768 then disappears. Separate Case’s first son is named John, but that might not mean anything; Lydia Hendrickson Case’s father is also John.
    • We know he’s not the son of William Case Sr because he’s not mentioned on William’s will in 1802. He’s likely not the son of Reuben Case, as Reuben’s father-in-law William Barrett has a will in the 1790s and lists only 3 daughters for Mary Barrett Case and Reuben Case.
    • Note that Joseph Case names a son Theophilus. It’s possible that Separate Case and Joseph Case are brothers, and DNA is strongest between descendants these two men (as it would be if they share a father and mother).
    • This also means that Separate Case is likely born about 1753 and exactly the right age to be in both Dunmore’s War and the Revolutionary War. There are plenty of Case men from this area in these wars, but none named “Separate” which makes me think it’s possible that isn’t his original first name. The first time we see him use it is 1787 and he should have records from the 1770s and 1780s as an adult male.

Dunmore’s War – 1774

Before I talk about the Revolutionary War, we have a short war in 1774 between Great Britain and the Indians. Lord Dunmore, the governor of Virginia, recruited men from Virginia and southwestern PA to go into the frontier.

  • These names come from payroll lists in 1775 (“Pittsburgh Payrolls”)
    • Dunmore’s War began in May 1774 and ended Oct 1774. The Pittsburgh Payroll is a list of men who fought in Dunmore’s War, getting paid in 1775 for 1774 service.
    • This is a good list as it indicates who is in southwestern PA before the Revolutionary War, and therefore which men are related to one another.
    • It’s called the Pittsburgh Payroll because these are men who did not
  • On Dunmore’s War roster lists:
    • Most militia drafts during this decade include men 18-45 or 18-50.
    • Nathaniel Case Sr (about 48 years old)
    • Nathaniel Case Jr (about 18 years old, not on Springhill list in 1772, so born 1751-1756)
    • William Case (Sr or Jr? Possibly William Case Jr, about 21 years old, as he says he was born 1753 in his Rev War application. William Case Sr would be about 54.)
    • Theophilus Case (3 or 4? Possibly Theophilus 4 about 18 years old, OR  Theophilus 3 about 50 years old). See 1778 below for an analysis of why I think there are TWO men named Theophilus in Fayette County.
    • But men in their 50s are clearly fighting, too. (John Hendrickson is on the list and he’s in his 50s — his son John Jr would be too young. Some of these militia Captains are in their 50s. Nathaniel Case Sr is likely in his 40s.)
    • Note that related families are also on this list:
      • John Hendrickson and his son Leonard Hendrickson (“Hendricks”)
      • William, Jonathan and Ebenezer Paddock (brothers)
      • It does not appear the right Moore family is in the area at this time.
  • So, by 1774 brothers/cousins Nathaniel Case (and his son), William Case, and Theophilus Case 3/4, are all in Fayette together.
    • Zophar Case says that Theophilus Case is the brother of Reuben Case and Butler Case, but never mentions these other men. We know William Case Sr is the son of Ichabod. I’m not sure who is the father of Nathaniel Case, probably Theophilus 2 or John of Morris County, NJ.
  • This is the first record of both Nathaniel Sr and Nathaniel Jr together. I couldn’t find any records for them in NJ. Nathaniel Sr likely dies in PA; Nathaniel Jr goes with his uncles to Nelson, Kentucky.
  • Roster list comes from the book Virginial Colonial Soldiers (you can see snippets of this book online on Google Books) and the original records housed in the Library of Virginia.
  • Captain David Scott’s roll:
    • David Scott was in Strabane, Washington, PA after the Rev War. There are many Scott families in Fayette and Washington before the Rev War
    • William Case (also listed under Captain Abraham Teagarden from Greene, PA;  Captain Scott and Captain Teagarden share Captain status for this unit).
    • Nathaniel Case Sr 
    • Nathaniel Case Jr
      • This is not a typo, they are both listed in three places: in the Virginia Colonial Soldiers book, in the Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution book, and the Library of Virginia rosters, says both Sr and Jr.
      • I don’t have any records for Nathaniel Case Sr before this, but he must be born in the 1720s to have a son at least 18 in 1774. He should have records somewhere, either under Nathaniel or Nathan.
    • Also under Captain David Scott:
      • Leonard Hendrickson, Lydia Hendrickson Case’s brother
      • Jonathan Paddocks, brother-in-law to Keziah Case Paddocks
  • Captain David Enoch’s roll:
    • David Enoch was in West Bethlehem, Washington, PA
    • Theophilus Case – “absconded”
      • which means deserting, then hiding yourself so you can’t be found; they use both terms (deserting and absconding) on these Dunmore’s War soldier lists. He’ll do this again in 1778 during the Revolutionary War.
      • Note that he is NOT listed in the Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution book for Dunmore’s War service, probably because he deserted and did not serve. He is listed for George Rogers Clark service in 1780 with Reuben Case.
      • This COULD be either Theophilus 3 (age 49) or Theophilus 4 (age 18-22). Men in their 50s are serving in Dunmore’s War, so it could be Theophilus 3, but more likely to be Theophilus 4.

1775 – The Year Between the Wars for Southwestern PA

  • 1775
    • Even though shots were fired at Lexington and Concord, MA in 1775, southwestern PA doesn’t seem to have many Revolutionary War records for 1775.
    • PENNSYLVANIA:
      • Oct 1775 Theophilus Case of Menallen, Westmoreland, PA (becomes Fayette County) fined 20 shillings for not serving as the Menallen Township constable.
    • MARYLAND:
      • In the Maryland Gazette newspaper out of Annapolis, Shadrach Case (aka Shadrack Case, early records spell it both ways) – stray animal ad, 8 June 1775
        • “Near Snowden Manor,” Frederick County, Maryland – They might be talking about today’s Snowden Hill Manor in Laurel, MD, to the west of Baltimore, Maryland. This would make sense as later Shadrack witnesses a land transaction from Baltimore, MD.
        • Montgomery County, MD was created in 1776 from Frederick County, MD so it’s likely Shadrach didn’t move; the boundary moved around him.
        • There are other Case families in both Frederick County and Montgomery County, Maryland at this time. Many are baptizing children in Prince George Parish, Montgomery, MD including Israel Case (unknown parents) and James Case (of Shadrack), Brock Case, and two men named Thomas Case. It appears that Brock and Israel Case live in a different Hundred (division of Montgomery County) and might not be related.
        • THIS IS THE FIRST MENTION OF SHADRACH CASE (Shadrack Case). I haven’t seen any records for him in NJ and he might not be related.
        • He and two sons, James and Thomas, are on the militia census of 1778, so he already has a family in 1775 with sons born before 1760 (they’re at least 18 in 1778). He’s likely born 1720-1730 timeframe, but there’s no mention of him in the Southold, NY records. He could be a Case from MA, RI or CT, or completely unrelated.
        • Newspaper article:
        • https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc4800/sc4872/001282/pdf/m1282-0872.pdf
        • https://www.newspapers.com/image/41045899/?match=1&terms=%22shadrach%20case%22%20

The Southwestern PA location and the Border Dispute

Before you can understand the militia regiments the Case men were in, you need to understand the huge political land boundary dispute going on in southwestern Pennsylvania at the time.

  • During the war, Pennsylvania stopped issuing land grants. But Virginia continued to issue land grants (for Pennsylvania land) and did it at a cheaper rate. This caused many men who were not from Virginia to consider themselves “Virginians” when it it came to their loyalty and the militia they joined.
  • In 1776, the District of West Augusta was split into 3 Virginia counties:
    • Yohogania County (most of Fayette, PA and some of Washington PA, land north of the Old Dunlap Road)
    • Monongalia County (most of Greene and Washington PA)
    • Ohio County (some of PA and parts of what eventually becomes West Virginia)
    • When the border was more firmly established in 1779, the area inside PA became Westmoreland County, PA (which had been created by the PA officials in 1773). The area outside of PA became Ohio County, VA
  • From: http://virginiaplaces.org/boundaries/paboundary.html which gives an excellent overview of this whole situation!
  • Each of these “Virginia” counties had a militia AND the corresponding Westmoreland County, PA had a militia, too. So you’ll see military records for men serving from VA and PA, but living on the same land.
  • Some men refused to join a PA militia even though they’re drafted, because they see themselves as Virginians, and vice versa.
  • Some refused to join the Continental Army because there were Indian incursions into the frontier settlements and they felt they were more needed to defend their own homes.
  • Some refused to join the militia if they knew the militia was to protect people in Kentucky; they couldn’t see a reason for going so far away from home to protect a very small number of settlers in Kentucky. (Kentucky was part of Virginia at this time, so Virginia militia was recruited to protect the settlers and fight on the frontier.)
  • Some deserted and returned to their homes; some “absconded” meaning they deserted and then hid themselves so they couldn’t be prosecuted, possibly moving out of the area for a short time. There are many letters and reports during this period of men deserting from Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh).
  • In 1779, the final Mason-Dixon line was run, and the Case family were on  Pennsylvania land.
    • As part of the agreement, Pennsylvania said they would accept the  Virginia land grants that were issued from VA for this PA land. I didn’t see any VA land grants for these Case men.
    • There are West Augusta (Yohogania County) court records from at least 1776 to 1780. Westmoreland County, PA court records are online from April 1773 to April 1776.

1776 – 1783: Case Men and the Revolutionary War

Here is some background information on Case men who served in the Revolutionary War from NJ and PA. Note that most militia drafts were for men 18-45 years old.

It’s two lists:

  • those who have Revolutionary War Applications (and give us some details about who they are)
  • those who do not have Rev War apps
  • Those with Rev War pension applications, who served from Fayette PA or Morris NJ:
    • William Case Jr – served from Fayette, PA (#W1819)
      • son of William Case Sr, named in his will
      • Submitted his Rev War pension application from Washington County, Indiana in 1820
      • https://revwarapps.org/w1819.pdf
      • Says born 1753 (does not say were)
      • Enlisted at Winchester, VA in 1776, which was in Frederick County, VA at the time
      • First enlisted under Col. Hugh Stephenson, who died in the autumn of 1776 and was replaced by Col. Moses Rawlings (Rawlings’ Rifles). Because men were recruited into this regiment from both PA and MD (and northern VA which became WV), it was considered Continental Line.
      • William under Hugh Stephenson and Abraham Shephard. Here is William under Shephard:
        • Jefferson County, WV is just north of Winchester, in 1776
        • https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/30047/
        • Jefferson created from Berkeley; Berkeley created from Frederick County, VA (county seat: Martinsburg)
        • The Hopewell Monthly Meeting is just north of Winchester, which was in Frederick, VA and where Reuben Case is in 1768, and William Case Sr is in 1770
      • Says he “returned home” to his father’s farm in the Redstone settlement (Fayette, PA)
      • His second wife, Rebecca Glover Case, also applies and gets 160 acres of bounty land under the ScripWarrant Act of 1855 (BLH.36667-160-55)
      • His Rev War pension file says he serves in the Continental Line, and after his CL term expired, served in PA militia and VA militia units.
    • James Case – served from Fayette and Greene, PA (#S16694)
      • Son of William Case Sr, named in his will
      • Submitted his Rev War pension application in 1833 from Boone, Harrison, Indiana
      • Says born September 12, 1760 in New Jersey
      • His Rev War pension file says he served from PA (Westmoreland Rangers)
    • Daniel Case – served from Sussex, NJ (at least, and possibly elsewhere) (#R1770)
    • Isaiah Case – served from Morris, NJ and Wilkes, NC (#S16692)
      • Unknown father, but served first from Morris County, NJ
        • At the beginning of the war, only John and Joshua Case are in Morris County, and Joshua Case has a will naming sons, so likely Isaiah is the son of John Case Sr or Nathaniel (I have no record for Nathaniel in NJ; Isaiah does name a son Nathaniel).
      • Submitted his Rev War pension app in 1833 from Wayne County, IN
      • Says he was born 19 Jan 1759 (presumably in Morris, NJ, as this is where they are)
      • Served from Morris County (probably 1777 when he turned 18) for six weeks, and helped build a fort at Pompton Plains, Morris, NJ under Lt Currian (I wonder if he meant George Corwine/Corwin/Curwin? There is no Currian in the records)
      • Then served six weeks under Captain Salmon (Captain Peter Salmon), under Major Ludlow (Major Cornelius Ludlow, the first major of the “Eastern Battalion” of Morris county, Jan 1776 – Nov 1777)
      • Then moved to Wilkes, NC with his brother Aaron Case.
      • I don’t know if any male descendant of Isaiah or Aaron Case have taken a YDNA test.
      • https://revwarapps.org/s16692.pdf
    • Augustus Case  – served from Morris, NJ (#S8136)
    • John Case – served from Hunterdon, NJ (#W405)
      • NOT from this “our” family line, he’s from the German Kaes/Kase/Case family line from Hunterdon County, NJ.
      • Wrong YDNA line, but I’m including it here to show he is:
        • NOT John Case, son of William Case Sr
        • NOT John Case, son of Christopher Case
        • NOT John Case who lived in Roxbury, Morris, NJ in 1760/1768
        • NOT John Case, son of Joshua Case Sr, who serves from Goshen, Orange, NY
      • This is John Case who marries Elizabeth Roseberry before the Christmas holiday in Dec 1799 in Easton, PA on the Delaware River (per her pension application which states her brother, Joseph Roseberry, attended her wedding in Easton, PA)
      • Submitted his Rev War application in 1832 from Morris County, NJ (coincidence)
      • Says he was born in Somerset County and living in Flemington, Hunterdon, NJ when he enters the war
      • He eventually moved to Somerset County, NJ and then to Morris Township, Morris, NJ where he dies in 1839. His widow re-applies. Her pension application names their children. She is living with her daughter in 1850 and her daughter testifies on her behalf in the Rev War app. She dies after 1850 in Morris, Morris, NJ.
      • HIS sister, Ann Case Smith, gives testimony in his Rev War App and says their father was Peter Case. Peter Case has a will and names his wife and children including John and Ann. His brother Teunis Case (Tunis Case) also has a Rev War app from Hunterdon, NJ.

Others who served, but don’t have a Revolutionary War application

  • From Morris County
    • Joshua Case Sr – dies in 1777, buried in Morris County, NJ (I find it interesting that the father served when Joshua Case Jr is the right age to be in the war. Joshua’s great-grandson talks about how his grandfather Augustus told him of his war experiences, and how he and his father Joshua were in the war together.)
    • Aaron Case, brother of Isaiah Case (who served first from Morris County, NJ and then from Wilkes, NC. Aaron dies in Wilkes, NC; Isaiah moves to Wayne, IN.)
  • From Fayette, PA
    • Reuben Case and Theophilus Case – they go with Captain William Harrod (Harrod is from Greene County, PA, serving under George Rogers Clark) to the Louisville, KY area in 1780. Reuben is around 48. Theophilus Case 3 would be abt 55, so this is likely Theophilus 4 (age 24)
    • Theophilus Case (probably the same one as above), recruited from Fayette, PA area in January 1778. Recruited for one year in Spring 1778, over 18 years old and single (so not likely the older Theophilus Case).
    • Joseph Case (m. Delilah Moore) – he goes with George Rogers Clark in the Illinois Regiment from Kentucky to the frontier in 1782; he and Theophilus Case return to Menallen, Fayette, PA by 1783. (Note there is another Joseph Case about 20 miles away in Morgan, Greene, PA at the same time in the early 1780s. That one stays in the Greene, PA area; this one goes to Kentucky.)
    • John Case – he serves from the northwestern VA (now WV) and/or southwestern PA area in the 12th Virginia Regiment from Dec 1776-Dec 1779 (this regiment recruited from the West Augusta District — southwestern PA, as well as Frederick, VA which is where William Case Jr is recruited from). He goes with George Rogers Clark in the Illinois Regiment from Kentucky to the frontier in 1782. Likely son of William Case Sr (named in his will)
    • Jacob Case – he goes with George Rogers Clark July 1780 and Oct 1782, likely son of William Case Sr (named in his will)
    • A Case man who died – widow Lydia Case claims land in 1781 Jefferson, Kentucky (Confusing, because all these Case men above survive the war, and this land was for men and women who had families and were the head of household in 1781, so she must be a widow. Of course, her husband might not have served in the war.)
  • From Westmoreland, PA
    • Butler Case Jr and Meshach Case have late-war records around 1783/1784 for the Westmoreland County, PA militia (Westmoreland Rangers), both sons of Butler Case Sr
    • William Case Jr and James Case, sons of William Case Sr, also have Westmoreland Rangers records from 1784, before they both move to Kentucky with their father.
  • Not mentioned in any Rev War records, though the right age to serve:
    • Nathaniel Case Sr
    • Nathaniel Case Jr
    • Separate Case (unless he has another name before he becomes Separate)
    • Butler Case Sr
    • Note: there are others in this group of families who intermarry in Fayette, PA that don’t have Rev War records. It’s possible we’re missing some PA or VA local militia rosters.
    • Shadrack, James and Thomas Case from Montgomery, MD
    • John Case and Christopher Case from NJ

Timeline 1776-1787

  • 1776
    • The Revolutionary War begins in 1775 but most militia records in this area begin 1776.
    • The Fayette County and Westmoreland County Case men have PA, VA and KY war records.
    • This begins their migration from southwestern PA to KY by 1780.
    • The West Augusta court records (southwestern PA area) show payment made to poor wives and widows of soldiers, and orphan children named in court cases (from 1776 to 1780 when VA court records end in PA, see below). No Case men are mentioned in these lists.
    • PENNSYLVANIA/VIRGINIA
      • This is during the border dispute between PA and VA about who owned the land in in southwestern, PA, so records are from both the VA sources and the PA sources.
      • In July 1776, William Case Jr enlists from Winchester, Frederick, VA but says that he returns to his father’s house in the Redstone Settlement (Fayette, PA) 18 months later, per his Rev War app.
      • 17 Dec 1776 – John Case joins the 12th Virginia Regiment.
        • He is John Case, son of William Case Sr – no pension for him, but mentioned in his father’s will.
        • 19 Dec 1776 “appointed” – records say joined either 17 Dec 1776 or 19 Dec 1776.
        • With the 12th VA regiment, Captain Rowland Madison, Col. James Wood. This is the original 12th VA regiment and in Fort Pitt in 1777.
        • 12th Virginia Regiment organized at Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh, PA) includes men recruited from from Hampshire, Berkley (both now WV), Botetourt, Dunmore now Shenandoah County, and Prince Edward Counties (Virginia) and 4 existing companies of State Troops (organized August 1775 – September 1776 from Botetourt, Augusta, Hampshire and Frederick Counties and the West Augusta District – southwestern PA/northwestern VA now WV).
        • John Case served, Captain Rowland Madison, under Col. James Wood (of Winchester, VA).
        • Jan 1778 in 12th VA under Capt. Rowland Madison at Valley Forge.
        • He’s with the 12th VA, renamed the 8th VA, always under Col. James Wood.
        • He appears to enlist in Dec 1776 for six months, then re-enlists in June 1777 for three years.
        • https://ia601309.us.archive.org/1/items/georgerogersclar19clar/georgerogersclar19clar.pdf
        • 8 Sep 1778 says time in service so far, 1 year, 3 months, 9 days.
        • Jan 1779 through March 1779 “on furlough in Virginia”
        • Nov 1779, roster card/pay card, says DW – duration of war
        • This is his last card – no mention of a death. Even though he enlisted for the duration of the war, he’s out by Nov or Dec 1779. He’s been on furlough for three months earlier in the year…was he wounded? He shows up again 1782 with George Rogers Clark in Kentucky in the VA militia there.
    • MARYLAND:
      • In 1776, a militia census was taken in Maryland. Shadrach Case is not on the list, but many counties are missing. We know by the 1775 newspaper article that he’s in the area northwest of Baltimore, MD
  • 1777
    • BORDER CHANGE: Kentucky County, Virginia was created from Fincastle County, Virginia in 1777.
      • In 1792, Kentucky County was abolished when the State of Kentucky was created, with three original counties: Fayette, Jefferson, and Lincoln.
    • PENNSYLVANIA:
    • In 1777, James Case was drafted under Captain Jonathan Paddocks for 21 days per his Rev War app, in “Monongalia County VA” at Beesontown, now Uniontown, Fayette, PA
      • Monongalia County, VA was in the District of West Augusta VA, the group of counties that covered all of southwestern PA and part of West Virginia during the PA/VA border dispute. Monongalia covered the southern part of Fayette and all of Greene, PA, see map above.
      • The son of William Case Sr, named in his will. (Keziah Case, William Sr’s daughter, marries Ebenezer Paddocks, Captain Jonathan Paddock’s brother.)
      • Rev War app says born 1760 in New Jersey. That makes William Sr the one who is mentioned in Ichabod Case’s 1762 will in Roxbury, Morris, NJ
    • George Rogers Clark is in Williamsburg, VA getting approval for his Illinois Regiment and collecting funds.
      • I note this because by January he’s in Fayette, PA area recruiting soldiers to take to Kentucky and fight the Indians on the frontier. (“Falls of Ohio” is the Ohio River at Louisville, KY)
  • 1778
    • PENNSYLVANIA:
    • 1778 is a busy year, so I’ll lay it out in date order.
    • From two sets of records: The Yohogania, VA (Fayette, PA area) court records and the George Rogers Clark dates in Fayette, PA
    • Jan 1778
      • William Case Jr says in his Rev War app that he enlisted in July 1776 from Winchester, Frederick, VA, and returned to his father’s home in Redstone, PA 15-18 months later, so he’s back in the Fayette County area by January 1778. He says he served four times in campaigns against the Indians after returning home and one month in the local militia. He has two payment cards in Jan 1785 for service in 1784 in Westmoreland Rangers PA records.
      • A January 1778 draft list “Yohogania County VA” (now Fayette, PA) draft list of men under Ensign William Colvin does not include any Case men, but…
        • William Colvin from Redstone and Menallen, Fayette, PA, (son of Abington George Colvin Sr, aka George Colvin Sr, who is on the 1773 Springhill, Bedford, PA tax list.)
        • James Case says he substituted for George Colvin (Jr) in Fayette, PA.
    • 17 Jan 1778
      • Theophilus Case on Rev War draft list from Fayette, PA (Yohogania County VA), into Virginia militia (not Continental Line, does not have an assigned VA regiment number and the “C” on his card is for his surname, not his company name).
        • Jan 1788 – List of men drafted, note at bottom says single, over 18, no children, FOR ONE YEAR
        • Important note: This list is for SINGLE men over the age of 18. So this is likely to be a younger man born in the 1750s rather than Theophilus 3 who was born in the 1720s. Theophilus 3 would likely be married by now, in his 50s and militias were recruiting men up to 45 years old. So, I’ll call this one “Theophilus 4” and the one who was with his father in Morris County, NJ “Theophilus 3”
        • Born before 1760 to be 18 at this time. If he’s also the one from Dunmore’s War in 1774, he’s born before 1756.
    • Feb 1778
      • George Rogers Clark arrives at Redstone Old Fort, Fayette, PA (today’s Brownsville). He recruits soldiers from the area and leaves May 1778 for the Falls of Ohio in Kentucky.
        • There is no record of a Case man going with George Rogers Clark in May 1778. However, see June 1778.
    • 17 April 1778
    • 25 Apr 1778
    • 12 May 1778
    • 24 May 1778
    • 27 May 1778
    • 22 June 1778 – Yohogania County court records
      • Yohogania County VA covered area of Fayette, PA
      • Reuben Case and John Guttery (Guthery, Gutherie) brought to court for secreting and abetting Theophilus Case, a Continental soldier, in Fayette, PA area. The case was dismissed, not prosecuted (“Ordered to be dismissed” — but doesn’t give the reason, unlike other dismissals in these records.)
        • https://archive.org/details/annalsofcarnegie02carn/page/235/mode/1up?q=%22theophilus%2Bcase%22
        • Exact text from the court record reads:
          • “Reuben Case and John Guttery being bound in recognizance [out on bail], and stands charged with Secreting abetting and … abeting the Secreting Theophilus Case a Continental Soldier. Ordered to be Dismissed.”
          • (It’s Theophilus Case who is “secreting” but he’s not on trial here. It’s Reuben Case who is “secreting and abetting” Theophilus. The case was ordered to be dismissed, possibly because there wasn’t enough evidence or witnesses wouldn’t come forward.)
        • Note that it says Theophilus Case is a Continental soldier. (That’s what his draft says in April 1778). That means he’s with the VA regular army, not in a VA county militia unit, possibly stationed out of Fort Pitt or with George Rogers Clark in KY. There are no roster records that name him at Fort Pitt or with the regular army but we know he was drafted a few months earlier. Many 1778 Fort Pitt roster records are missing.
        • This might be the same Theophilus Case who “absconded” from Dunmore’s War in 1774. At least, the behavior is the same.
        • This must be Reuben Case m. Barrett son of Theophilus 2; Reuben son of Butler would be too young. Is Theophilus his son or his nephew?
        • This is NOT a civil or criminal case against Theophilus Case in this record — the case is only against Reuben and John Guttery (Gutherie). So Theophilus didn’t commit a “civilian” crime he was trying to hide from, or he would have his own court record about it. (If he deserted from the army, he would be in a military tribunal record somewhere. Desertions were not handled by the civil/criminal courts and there are no records of desertions in these Yohogania County VA court records.)
        • This is the only case in these court records that use the words absconding and secreting.
        • WHEN did they help Theophilus Case? The court case is in late June and it appears the court met once a month, so this action could have been from late May to late June. The previous court session was May 27, and the next court session is July 27.
        • George Rogers Clark left Fayette County on 12 May 1778 for Kentucky and reached Corn Island on 27 May 1778 — and told his soldiers about his secret plan to invade the Indian territory. Theophilus Case could have been one of those soldiers who deserted, made his way back to Fayette, PA by mid-June, and hid at Reuben Case’s house. Or he could have been one of the soldiers at Fort Pitt who deserted.
        • There is no record on Theophilus Case’s card that says desertion, just one notation for April 1778 and not one for May 1778 (other April draftees say the same thing, so that doesn’t mean anything, there are missing rosters for April, May, June 1778). It looks like he’s back in the militia by 1780 with Reuben.
    • 24 June 1778 (or 26 June 1778)
    • 25 Aug 1778
      • Theophilus Case appointed as Constable for one year in Fayette County, PA (Yohogania County, VA) under James Rogers, Justice of the Peace
        • There is no record of him NOT serving the entire year, so presumably he’s still alive in 1779
        • It does seem that there are TWO men named Theophilus Case in Fayette County area from 1774 through 1785, but without more records, I can only make an educated guess.  I think:
          • Theophilus 3, born around 1725 who is the constable in 1778. He would be 53.
          • Theophilus 4, a single man drafted into the militia in 1778, around 18-20 years old, serving in the Continental Army since at least April 1778.
        • In other records for later constables in the 1780s, they’re all 30-50, rarely is someone in their 20s asked to be constable
        • Being constable was a duty that any male could be asked to do. Some tried to refuse and got fined (think of it as the same as serving jury duty, it’s a requirement and your civic duty).
        • If Theophilus 4 deserted the army a few months earlier, it seems he wouldn’t be asked to be Constable because he’d be seen as unreliable (OR perhaps serving as constable was his “punishment” for deserting? But there are other active militia units in the area, so if they wanted him to serve in the militia, there were plenty of options. Perhaps “soldier” Theophilus Case is at Fort Pitt?)
    • Oct 1778
      • Butler Case, Elizabeth Case, Leonard Extine mentioned in Westmoreland court records at Hannastown (the county seat, but they might not live there)
        • First mention of Butler Case in southwestern PA. Presumably Elizabeth Case is Elizabeth Carnes Case, his wife. Her family is also from Morris County, NJ.
        • Leonard Eckstein, father of Magdalen Eckstein who married Meshach Case, son of Butler Case, in 1780
        • Per Leonard Case’s biography, Butler Case arrives in Westmoreland, PA in 1778. Rostraver Township is north of Perryopolis in Fayette, so they are about 20 miles apart from Butler’s brothers.
        • “Republica” means these people are restrained from leaving the area pending a future law case (“ne exeat republica”) but there are no further mentions of them in this book
        • https://archive.org/details/oldwestmoreland4198sout/page/26/mode/1up?q=extine
    • MARYLAND
  • 1779
    • PENNSYLVANIA:
      • BORDER CHANGE: The Mason-Dixon line is confirmed, which divides Pennsylvania’s southern border from Maryland’s northern border. As part of this, Virginia relinquishes it’s claim to southwestern PA. The “Virginia” counties of Yohogania and Monangalia are abolished and replaced with Westmoreland County, PA through 1783 when Fayette County, PA is created.
        • 28 Aug 1780 – final record of the Yohogania County, VA court. After this court records would be in Westmoreland County, PA until 1783 when Fayette, PA was created.
      • June 1779 – William Case has land, “Manallin Township” (Menallen Township), mentioned as adjoining Robert Gilmore of Menallen, Robert Baird, James Frame, Jacob Frigg (Friggs, Frakes), Daniel Durban, John McKibbon.
    • KENTUCKY
      • Butler Case, who has a militia record in 1812, says he’s born 1779 in Bourbon, KY (he’s 33 when he joins the army).
        • Since none of the Case men are in Kentucky this early except possibly Reuben and Theophilus (with 1780 record), it’s likely he grew up in Bourbon Kentucky from 1779-1797 at least, or lived there at the time he got married.
        • He appears to marry in Bracken, KY, because that’s where her mother is. This family moves to Brown, OH.
    • The winter of 1779/1780 was extremely harsh. The Ohio River froze solid. Movement  between Fayette, PA and Louisville, KY where the George Rogers Clark settlers are would have been limited.

1770s Summary

  • About 1774, Separate Case marries Lydia Hendrickson, likely in the Fayette, PA area because her parents are there at that time, and it appears his first child, Keziah, is born around 1775 and next child, John, born around 1777.
  • William Case Sr and his sons, William Case Jr and James Case in Fayette, PA, in Menallen Township.
    • William Case Sr owns land or rents land in Menallen Twp. I don’t have a record of William selling this land. Many lost their land to back taxes or faulty deeds after the Rev War when there was an economic depression in the USA (1780s)
    • He is noted as being near Jacob Frakes, Robert Baird, and John McKibbon. Robert Baird and John McKibbon are neighbors of John Hendrickson in other land records, so you can see how Separate Case would meet Lydia Hendrickson.
    • James Case, son of William Case Sr, serves under Jonathan Paddock
    • William Case Jr, son of William Case Sr, enlists from Winchester, VA and goes home to his father’s house in the Redstone Settlment (Fayette, PA)
  • Nathaniel Case Sr and Nathaniel Case Jr in Fayette, PA.
    • Nathaniel Sr is definitely renting land per 1772/1773 tax list.
    • They both serve in Dunmore’s War
    • No further records for Nathaniel Case Sr; Nathaniel Case Jr goes to Kentucky with his uncles.
  • Theophilus Case in Fayette, PA.
    • Possibly there are two: Theophilus Case 3 and Theophilus Case 4
    • Theophilus Case 3 definitely in Fayette, PA as constable
    • Theophilus Case 4, the Continental soldier
    • I’m not sure if the soldier and the constable are the same man, but it appears they’re two men, Theophilus Case 3 and Theophilus Case 4. They are never noted as “Sr” and “Jr” so could be uncle/nephew.
  • Reuben Case in Fayette, PA, somehow associated with either Theophilus Case 4 in 1778, possibly his father or uncle. (Theophilus is not noted on Reuben Case’s father-in-law’s will in the 1790s; William Barrett only names 3 daughters of Mary Barrett Case and Reuben Case)
  • Butler Case Sr arrives in autumn 1778 into (likely) Rostraver Township, Westmoreland, PA — that’s where we find him just after the war.
  • Shadrach Case in Montgomery, MD with sons Thomas Case and James Case.
  • In Dunmore’s War 1774 from the Fayette, PA area:
    • Nathaniel Case Sr, Nathaniel Case Jr, Theophilus Case, William Case (presuming Jr). Nathaniel Case Sr disappears from records after 1774. This typically happens when someone has died, someone moved away from the area (many did move away because of the Indian incursions during the Revolutionary War), or someone was a Loyalist during the war and moved to Canada. If they’re still alive, they tend to resurface after the war.
  • In the Revolutionary War 1766-1779 from the Fayette area:
    • Theophilus Case (Theophilus 4, I think), William Case Jr, James Case – I’ll pick up the rest of the Revolutionary War records starting with 1780 below.

1780

  • We’re now in the time period where there are records in both PA and KY for these Case men. Some go to Kentucky with Col. George Rogers Clark and Captain William Harrod during the war and stay there. Others go to Kentucky but return to Pennsylvania after their military service.
  • Shadrach Case and his sons are still in Montgomery, Maryland during this period. I see no Maryland militia records for these men.
  • PENNSYLVANIA:
    • BORDER CHANGE: In 1779, the southern and western borders of Pennsylvania are set by the Mason-Dixon line, and West Augusta Virginia is dissolved.
      • Starting 1780, records for this area are in PA
      • The southwestern area of Pennsylvania now consists of Westmoreland County, which is broken up into smaller counties over time.
    • Per History of Westmoreland, PA book, Meshach Case marries Magdalen Eckstein in 1780.
      • Their first child Elizabeth born 1782 in PA. Leonard Case Sr born 1786 in PA
    • Jacob Case in Westmoreland County militia
  • KENTUCKY:
    • Kentucky County, VA abolished to form Jefferson, Fayette and Lincoln counties (in Virginia still — KY would become a State in 1792)
    • As we enter Kentucky, it’s important to note which Case families had slaves and which did not. There was an influential anti-slavery Baptist minister in Nelson, KY named Rev. Austin Easton, who was associated with the Nathaniel Case family of Nelson. Many of these KY marriages are Regular Baptist or Separate Baptist.
    • From this point forward, the creation of KY counties are included in the timeline.
  • Most of the following records are from the book George Rogers Clark and His Men:
  • JEFFERSON COUNTY, KENTUCKY
  • 30 Jan 1780 – Reuben Case and Theophilus Case on a payroll in Jefferson, KY under William Harrod. So they are already in Kentucky during the harsh winter.
  • 3 July 1780 – payroll of Captain James Patton’s (aka Patten) company of militia on duty at Big Lick (aka Big Salt Lick): Theophilus Case, Reuben Case
  • Spring 1780, William Harrod recruits men from PA including Rev. John Corbly, James Gutherie, and Abraham Vanmeter from Greene, PA. Rev John Corbly returns to Greene, PA after his war service, as does William Harrod.
  • 18 July 1780 – provisions for Captain Charles Polk’s company of militia, Colonel William Linn, George Rogers Clark expedition against the Indians (18 Jul 1780 to 21 Aug 1780 – Piqueaway Town) – Jacob Case (and Jacob Hoagland) – acknowledged at Jefferson County, KY
    • This is Jacob, son of William Case Sr, mentioned in William’s will. He’s in Jefferson, KY at the same time his Uncle Reuben is there, along with brother John Case and cousin Theophilus Case.
  • 23 Aug 1780, inhabitants of Kentucky sign a petition:
  • 1781
    • PENNSYLVANIA:
      • BORDER CHANGE: Washington County, PA created from Westmoreland County, PA
        • This includes today’s Greene County, PA
      • Joseph Case gets paid for militia service in Washington County, PA. 5th Battalion, 1st Company, 6th Class.
        • This is not Joseph Case m. Delilah Moore, we see him later in Jefferson KY and then Menallen, Fayette, PA. He would be considered “Westmoreland” not “Washington”
        • This is likely Joseph Case m. Elizabeth Nife, the one who shows up in 1781 Morgan, Washington, PA (which becomes Morgan, Greene, PA when Greene County is created from Washington County in 1796.)
        • Would be at least 18, so born before 1760.  He has his first child around this time.
        • First mention of Joseph Case in the Greene, PA area; he might be a son of one of the Fayette, PA men or might have come from anywhere there are YDNA Case families: NY, CT, NJ, etc. (There are lots of instances of east coast people moving into this area during the war.)
    • KENTUCKY:
    • George Rogers Clark notes that some men from Westmoreland Rangers are part of the Kentucky group:
      • 300 men from 3 battalions of Westmoreland [PA], one-fifth of the the militia of the former West Augusta. (The Mason-Dixon line in 1779/1780 made this area Pennsylvania, hence the “former West Augusta” reference.)
      • These 1781 and 1782 Case references as being with George Rogers Clark MIGHT be Case men who were in the Westmoreland PA militia, now in service in KY, see below
      • https://archive.org/details/collections08illiuoft/page/569/mode/1up?q=Augusta
    • Virginia House of Delegates:
      • In May/June 1781, Poor Person’s land act; by Dec 1781 Reuben Case, Lydia Case, Joseph Case and Jacob Case are in court in Jefferson, KY getting land under this act:
      • The Rules by which they can claim land:
        • Actually resident on the land (no investors or speculators)
        • Masters or mistresses of families (heads of households, not single people. Widows are eligible and the women listed in the Dec 1781 Jefferson court records are all widows.)
        • Have not acquired the right to land
        • Are too poor to procure lands in the ordinary method
        • Their circumstances are enquired into (to make sure they’re really poor and they don’t already own land)
        • Cannot exceed 400 acres PER FAMILY
        • Within 2.5 years from the date of the survey, must pay the usual office fees and 25 shillings per 100 acres.
        • If they default on the payment, the land reverts to the Commonwealth of Virginia.
          • The court in December 1781 said that the Jefferson County surveyor was to mark out this land, so it was done probably starting January 1782. That means they had to pay by June 1784. The law doesn’t say anything about being able to assign your land grant to someone else — it says if you default, the land is given back to the Commonwealth. See Lydia Case, below.
        • The two sources (the original from VA and the text from the KY government’s site) say slightly different things, but they’re not significant. The original says two years, not 2.5 years to pay off the land, and 20 shillings not 25 shillings per acre
    • Jefferson, KY court, December 1781:
      • Original document of list of people getting land grants shows  Reuben is listed by himself, Joseph and Lydia Case are listed together, then Jacob by himself. I don’t know if that means anything; the list is not alphabetic and it could just be the random way the court cases were heard.
      • This December 1781 court hearing is for people getting land under the May 1781 Poor Persons Act
        • NOT the pre-1778 settlement cases, which were heard through 1780.
        • NOT military bounty land – some of these people IP service is in 1780-1782, but were not promised bounty land and/or paid for their service with bounty land (rather than cash)
        • NOT “early settlers” in the classic sense
        • NOT from Doomsday book
      • https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS4Y-X9MP-Y?i=14&cat=128127
      • “At a court held for Jefferson County [VA] the 3rd December 1781. It appearing to the Court that the following persons are entitled by virtue of an Act of Assembly passed May last [May 1781] to four hundred acres of land each.”
      • Here are the rules, as applied to these Case families:
        • Actually resident (no investors or speculators)
          • These four have farms they are currently living on, in Jefferson County, KY
        • Masters or mistresses of families
          • Lydia Case must be a widow, not a single woman without a family
          • I checked most of the other women on the list and they are all widows. None are single daughters, who would be ineligible, as the land is “per family.”
          • For instance, Henry Hoagland married Jemima Newkirk. He died about 1781 (can’t be the one who is in Sandusky, OH in June 1782, as there is an estate record for Henry Hoagland in Jefferson KY in March 1782). He is certainly deceased when his daughter Eleanor marries in 1786 in Jefferson, KY. They have another child,  Moses Hoagland, born 1773. In 1789, his widow is in Jefferson, KY as Jamima Hogland (Jemima Houghland, Hoagland).  She claims land in Dec 1781 at this Jefferson KY court hearing.  Her son, James Hougland, also applies — he has his own family by 1781. 
        • Have not acquired the right to land
          • These four Case people were ineligible for war bounty land or had not gotten a land grant previously
        • Cannot exceed 400 acres PER FAMILY
          • Each family can claim up to 400 acres. Some records show that people got 200 acres, I’m guessing based on what you thought you could pay off in 2.5 years.
          • So, Lydia Case is not a daughter of Reuben Case – she has her own family and is likely a widow.
        • Within 2.5 years from the date of the survey, must pay the usual office fees
          • Reuben and Jacob seem to sell either their land grant or their paid-off land to Hezekiah Moss. (When Jacob later sells land, he says it’s the land he inherited from his father, William Case Sr, so not the same land.)
          • In 1784, Reuben takes two land grant in Jefferson, KY, one for 368 acres and one for 400 acres on Busbee’s Creek. I’m not sure it’s the same 400 acres as this Dec 1781 land grant.
          • Lydia’s land grant is assigned to James Gutherie. Whoever she is, she has no marriage records in Kentucky online. BUT in a 1799 deposition, she is noted to have married Thomas McMullin/McMullen
            • She is not Lydia Hendrickson Case, as Separate Case is still alive.
            • In 1810 she has a census in Jefferson, KY (over 45, so born before 1760) but with children born as early as 1785-1794, indicating she marries McMullin by at least 1794 and possibly earlier
            • IF she’s a widow of a Case man, she could have children as early as 1776-1781, and they might marry around 1800. Though she has children born around 1800 on the 1810 census, some of the older children might really be a son/daughter, their spouse, and their younger children.
          • Joseph does not buy his land; he moves back to PA and has a daughter born there in 1784. By 1787 he’s in Jefferson, KY and in Bourbon, KY by 1791 (unless there are two Joseph Case men)
            • Note: Austin Moore and his mother Mary are still in Menallen, Fayette, PA in 1784, as are John and Eve Hendrickson (and Theophilus Case, and William Case, Sr). If Joseph Case’s wife Delilah is a Moore, they might go back to help her mother or his father/uncle/cousin, or both. The Moore family doesn’t leave Fayette until 1788.
        • Note that in 1784,  Nelson County created from Jefferson County; I suspect some of this land was actually in Nelson because many of the people on this 1781 court list have Nelson records later on.
        • See page 73 for Case people in court in Dec 1781:
        • https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/viewer/332344/?offset=0#page=19&viewer=picture&o=search&n=0&q=reuben%20case
    • MARYLAND:
  • 1782
    • PENNSYVANIA:
      • May 1782 – Crawford’s Sandusky Expedition aka Crawford’s Defeat.  Battle of Sandusky – June 4 & 5, 1782
        • James and William Case Jr are there.
        • These men were at Fort Pitt when Crawford went on campaign, so likely those already in Kentucky were not in Crawford’s campaign
        • Many men killed or captured; those who escaped eventually made their way back home to the southwestern PA area.
        • Volunteers missing in action were recorded as “never returned” in minutes of Western Pennsylvania courts of appeal
        • In James Case’s Rev War application, he says he served under Colonels Williamson and Crawford at Sandusky. Says they marched from Pennsylvania, across the Ohio River, into Indian country. Says he got separated from the company and wandered in the wilderness for 21 days, and arrived home around 15 July 1782. Says they started out around 6 May and he was gone from home about 2 months.
        • William Case Jr – William Case, 1782 campaign against the Wyandot towns (paid in 1785)
      • About this time, Joseph Case marries Delilah Moore. Their first son, Theophilus Case, is born around 1783 and his daughter Deborah is born 1784 in Pennsylvania per her 1850 census. He has a 1783 Fayette, PA tax record.
        • Mary Moore and Austin Moore are in German, Fayette, PA at this time. Delilah Moore Case is named as an heir of Mary Moore on estate records.
        • In 1789, Joseph Case is bondsman for the marriage of Jane Moore and Jeremiah Hays in Bourbon KY, Delilah Moore’s sister. Mother Mary Moore gives consent.
        • https://www.familysearch.org/search/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9P2-98J5?view=fullText&keywords=Jeremiah%20Hays&groupId=TH-909-48301-9580-33
        • The Cherokee Indian claims story says that he marries her in NC or possibly TN —  but all his records are in Pennsylvania and their kids are born in Pennsylvania. Nearly all of Joseph Case’s descendants do not have Native American DNA, and they should if his wife was half-blooded Cherokee/Native American living in North Carolina or Georgia. (Plus, his cousins are fighting against the Indians at this time; the likelihood that he marries an Indian is remote.) The Cherokee Indian claim was rejected because they did not have a Delilah Green on their Cherokee list.
    • VIRGINIA:
    • JEFFERSON KENTUCKY:
      • Reuben Case contracts to hire a Negro woman in KY from Captain Aquila Whitaker, probably Jefferson, KY
      • April 1782 – Jacob Case casts vote for VA Assembly election, Jefferson, KY.  George Rogers Clark also on list. No other Case man listed as voting.
      • Joseph Case serves under George Rogers Clark from Jefferson County, KY in April and October 1782
        • Captain James Patten’s company of militia, County of Jefferson, for their work at Fort Nelson, Falls of the Ohio, 10 Apr 1782 to 3 Mar 1782 – Joseph Case.
        • By  1783 he is back in Menallen, Fayette, PA – It is noted above that 3 battalions of Westmoreland PA rangers are serving in Kentucky under George Rogers Clark at this time. That’s probably why some of these Case men are in KY — they were enlisted from southwestern PA.
        • Captain Jacob Vanmater’s (Jacob Vanmeter) company of Jefferson County militia (Vanmeter), expedition against the Shawnee under George Rogers Clark, 12 Oct 1782 to 25 Nov 1782 – Joseph Case (and Jacob “Close” possibly Jacob Case)
        • Note: If Joseph Case is attacking Shawnee Indians in 1782, the likelihood that he married an Indian seems remote.
      • Jacob Case serves under George Rogers Clark from Jefferson County, KY in October:
        • Captain Aquilla Whitaker’s company, Jefferson County militia, expedition against the enemy Indians under George Rogers Clark, 21 Oct 1782 to 25 Nov 1782 (same dates as above, so against the Shawnee) –  Jacob Case (had a 1781 land court record, stays in KY)
    • FAYETTE, KY
      • John Case: Captain Robert Patterson’s company of militia Fayette, KY (Robert Patterson, founder of Georgetown and Lexington), Colonel John Todd, 20 Jun 1782 to 26 Jul 1782  – John Case (had a 1781 land court record in Jefferson KY, stays in KY, might be in Ohio by 1808/1811)
        • Probably the same John Case who was in the 12th VA and the 8th VA through from Dec 1776 to Dec 1779. He is the son of William Case Sr per his will in 1802
    • Kentucky (location unknown)
      • David Case, land warrant – does he patent this land? I don’t see an associated patent for this.
      • Date: Saturday, May 25, 1782 (at least 21, born before 1761)
      • Acreage: 1,017.5
      • Current Money (Pounds.Shillings): £1,628.08
      • Virginia Treasury Warrants
      • If he actually patents this land, there should be a ton of land records for him. Where did he get this much money?
      • Is he the same David Case who shows up on a 1786 Jefferson, KY petition with Reuben Case and on Reuben’s tax list in 1789?
      • The May 1779 Land Laws passed by the Virginia General Assembly authorized the sale of treasury warrants to patent “waste and unappropriated land.” After proof of payment was established, the Virginia Land Office provided a printed warrant specifying the quantity of land and the rights upon which it was due. No proof of prior military service or residency was required for purchasing a treasury warrant. (They’re purchasing the warrant, not the patent.)
      • https://web.sos.ky.gov/land/vtwnew.aspx
  • 1783
    • PENNSYLVANIA:
      • BORDER CHANGE: Fayette County created from Westmoreland County.
      • Mention of William Case adjoining David Breading, Jacob Friggs (Frakes) in Menallen, Fayette land deal:
      • Menallen, Fayette, PA tax list
        • Listed as Menallen, Westmoreland, PA…Fayette County created later the same year.
        • These 1783 tax list are available on FamilySearch.org, but locked at home. If you access FamilySearch through an LDS associated county library, it should be unlocked and would show how much land they owned, etc.
        • Includes William Case Sr, Theophilus Case 4, Joseph Case
        • William Case Sr
          • This is William Case Sr’s final tax record in PA
          • He shows up in 1784/1786 Nelson, KY and dies there in 1802.
          • William Case Jr and his brother James Case are receiving 1784 militia pay in Westmoreland County, PA in 1785, but not on a Fayette, PA list in 1783. They just served in the Crawford Expedition to Sandusky the previous year and might be serving in the militia from the Fort Pitt area. Their pension applications outline their service dates and locations. William Case Jr shows up in 1786 Westmoreland, PA tax records before joining is his father in Nelson, KY
        • Theophilus Case 4
          • Probably the one who was in KY in 1780 with Reuben Case, but didn’t claim Jefferson County land in 1781 because he was already back in PA.
          • In 1785, Theophilus Case is the constable for Luzerne, Fayette, PA. That can’t be Theophilus 3, he would be in his 60s, so he’s Theophilus 4, who would be in his 30s.
          • This means by 1783, Theophilus Case 3 is dead. His last record in Menallen, Fayette, PA is 1778/1779 as constable.
        • Joseph Case
          • Logically, Joseph Case m. Delilah Moore, his daughter Deborah born in PA in 1784. Likely the one who claimed 1781 land in Jefferson, KY which was assigned to Hezekiah Moss, and now moved back to PA like Theophilus Case 4 did.
      • Rostraver, Westmoreland, PA
        • Butler Case Sr
        • Butler Case Jr – single man
        • Meshach Case
          • None of these men have land, just horses and cattle
    • MARYLAND:
      • Shadrach Case, Thomas Case and James Case on 1783 Montgomery County, Maryland tax list
        • https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/stagser/s1400/s1437/html/1437mo.html
        • These are the same men who signed the Oath of Allegiance in 1778 in Montgomery, Maryland
        • in Upper Newfoundland and Seneca Hundred (the Maryland counties were called “Hundreds”)
        • All at least 21, so all born before 1762. Shadrach and Thomas have records together later in Mason, KY
          • Presumably Shadrack Case and his two sons, Thomas and James. (So not the Thomas Case who died in 1780)
          • James has a 1790 census in Montgomery, MD, Thomas does not, so Thomas Case who died in 1786 is probably James Case’s brother.
          • If males over 16, then all born after 1767.
          • There is a Thomas Case marriage marriage is 1800, so likely a Thomas Case JR.
          • I’m adding this here because, supposedly, this is the FATHER of Joseph Case m. Moore. But Joseph is never in Maryland with this family, he’s always in PA and KY with Reuben Case, Theophilus Case, William Case, etc.
        • Upper Newfoundland and Seneca Hundred, Maryland, presuming father and two sons because of later records. All over 18 so born before 1760.
          • Shadrach Case and two sons:
          • Thomas Case – not the one who dies in 1780, possibly the one who dies in 1786
          • James Case (not the son of William Case Sr who is in Fayette, PA)
        • Lower Newfoundland, Rock Creek and North West Hundred
          • Charles Case but might be Cash
        • Linganore and Sugar Loaf Hundred, Maryland (was Frederick County, now Frederick, Montgomery, Maryland)
          • I don’t think they’re related, I haven’t researched them
          • Brook (Brock) Case
          • Charles Case
          • Brock and Israel Case say they are the nearest kin to Thomas Case who dies in Montgomery, Maryland in 1780.
  • 1784
    • BORDER CHANGE: Nelson County created from Jefferson County, KY
    • After the war, a new group of Case people come into southwestern PA
    • PENNSYLVANIA
      • Deborah Case, daughter of Joseph Case and Delilah Moore is born in Pennsylvania in 1784 per her 1850 census. She and her husband Gabriel Keath are named in Joseph and Delilah’s estate/land records.
        • Note:
        • Mary Moore and her son Austin Moore are in German, Fayette, PA from 1786 through 1788, then move to Bourbon, KY.
        • Mary Moore gives consent for her daughter Jane to marry Jeremiah Hays in 1789 Bourbon KY and Joseph Case is bondsman. Jeremiah Hays is listed as an heir to Mary Moore in her estate records.
        • Delilah Moore Case is listed among the heirs of Mary Moore on a Power of Attorney document naming Thomas Moore as POA. There’s no reason for Delilah Case to be on this document as a guardian of a Moore heir — all her children are still alive. The only reason she would be on this POA is if she’s a direct heir of Mary Moore.
        • 1783 and 1785 Austin Moore in Menallen, Fayette, PA
        • 1783, John and William Hendrickson in Menallen, Fayette, PA
      • March 1784 – Theophilus Case 4 is Deputy Constable (Lewis Dean is the Constable), Luzerne Township, Fayette County, PA
      • James Case and William Case Jr paid in 1785 for 1784 Westmoreland County, PA militia service, son of William Case Sr.
        • So William Case Sr’s sons are still in southwestern PA in 1784 and possibly 1785 when they’re paid. They follow him to Nelson, KY after this
    • KENTUCKY:
  • 1785
  • 1786
    • PENNSYLVANIA
    • KENTUCKY
      • Nelson, KY:
        • William Case is the bondsman for the marriage of Randal Slack and Henriette Wakeling, Nelson, KY.
        • Jefferson, KY:
          • July 1786 Jefferson County KY petition about Indian incursions
          • Reuben Case
          • Joseph Case
          • Nathaniel Case
          • David Case
  • 1787
    • Nelson, Kentucky:
      • Separate Case is the administrator for the estate of John Hendrickson in Nelson County, KY, his father-in-law.
        • This is the first record of a man named Separate Case
        • By 1788, Separate, Joseph and John Case are on the Bourbon KY tax list.
      • James Case and William Case listed as residents of Nelson KY on tax list
    • Jefferson County, KY:
      • Appeal from the inhabitants of Jefferson County KY (to the inhabitants of Nelson, Lincoln and Fayette counties): signed by:
        • Reuben Case
        • Joseph Case
        • Nathaniel Case
        • David Case
        • for a ferry across the river from Jefferson County to Nelson County
        • Basically, these Case families are simply across the river from each other.
    • Frederick, VA:
      • Reuben Case mentioned as son-in-law to William Barrett in his will, Frederick VA. Will written 1787, proved 1791.
        • Children of Mary Barrett Case and Reuben Case mentioned: Lydia (m. Lupton), Elizabeth (m. Goldsmith), and Rachel (m. Harris). All girls are unmarried at this time.
        • William Barrett does not mention any sons for Reuben Case, and he does mention sons of his other Barrett children.

Conclusions – Who is the father of Separate Case?

The descendants of Separate Case and Lydia Hendrickson have DNA matches to both the Case families and the Hendrickson families. Lydia Hendrickson Case has a mtDNA match to Eve Hendrickson, so we know Lydia is Eve’s daughter.

We know who Separate and Lydia’s children are from two places: Separate’s estate records and Simeon Hendrickson’s “Baptisms for the Dead” where he names his Aunt Lydia Case and Uncle Separate Case, and Simeon’s Case cousins Keziah, John, James, Hannah, and Phoebe, all dead before 1841.

The closest Case DNA matches to the descendants of Separate Case are to the family of Joseph Case who married Delilah Moore. It’s possible that Separate and Joseph were brothers. His next closest DNA matches are to the children of William Case Sr, Butler Case Sr, Joshua Case of NJ, and Christopher Case of NJ. YDNA tells us these are all from the same genetic Case family.

It’s likely that Separate Case is born abt 1753, likely in Roxbury, Morris, NJ. So we need to look at the adult males in the area around 1753 as potential fathers for Separate.

Based on that birth date and based on the wills/estate records of some of the possible Case men, his father is likely one of these three men below. Other Case men have wills or estate divisions (which name children) and therefore these are the only three Case men who are the right age, in the right places, but we don’t know about their families.

  • John Case, who is in Roxbury, Morris, NJ by 1753 with Theophilus and Reuben looking for lease land, and has records 1760/1768 in Morris, NJ, but doesn’t have any records after that. Separate does name his first son John, so that might be a clue, but not proof that Separate named his son after his father — Lydia’s father is John Hendrickson.
  • Nathaniel Case Sr, who shows up in Menallen, Fayette, PA by 1774 with his son Nathaniel Case Jr in 1774 with William and Theophilus, but doesn’t have any records before or after that. His son goes to KY with the other Case men.
  • Theophilus Case 3, who shows up with his father in 1743 Roxbury, Morris, NJ and appears to go to Fayette, PA with William in 1772. Zophar Case says Theophilus Case 3 is the brother of Reuben, Butler and Christopher Case. Theophilus 3 (or his son) has records with Reuben Case in Fayette, PA. Joseph Case (m. Delilah Moore) does name a son Theophilus, so that might be a clue that Joseph is the son of Theophilus 3, but not proof. Since Separate and Joseph have the closest DNA matches, it’s possible they are brothers — but, again, that’s not PROOF.

We’re also missing fathers for Joseph Case who married Delilah Moore, Goldsmith Case who married Susannah Tatman, and David Case, who all seem to be born in the 1750s and 1760s; and other Theophilus Case/Butler Case men of the next generation. But I’ll leave that to other researchers to sort out.

Whew! That’s all the Case research for me. Time for me to move on to another family line!

Read Case Family Part 1 and Case Family Part 2

Unknown's avatar

Published by karynfamilytree

Leave a comment